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The "big three" scientists credited with discovering the structure of the atom are J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and Niels Bohr.

J.J. Thomson is known for his discovery of the electron in 1897, which led to the development of the "plum pudding" model of the atom. This model proposed that the atom was made up of a positive "pudding" with negatively charged electrons scattered throughout it.

Ernest Rutherford conducted the famous gold foil experiment in 1911, which led to the discovery of the nucleus and the proposal of the "planetary" model of the atom. This model suggested that the atom had a central nucleus composed of positively charged protons, with negatively charged electrons orbiting it.

Niels Bohr expanded on Rutherford's work in 1913 with his proposal of the "Bohr model" of the atom. This model suggested that electrons moved in specific orbits around the nucleus, with each orbit corresponding to a different energy level.

These three scientists made significant contributions to our understanding of the atom and helped to shape the development of modern physics.
 

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