To solve this problem, we can use Newton's Second Law, which states that the net force acting on an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration (F_net = ma). We can also use the work-energy theorem, which states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy (W = ΔK).
1. Frictional Resistance:
The frictional resistance between the wheels and the floor can be calculated using the formula F_friction = μN, where μ is the coefficient of friction, and N is the normal force acting on the object. Since the wheelchair is on a horizontal surface, the normal force is equal to the weight of the wheelchair, N = mg, where g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s^2). Therefore, F_friction = μmg.
F_friction = (0.05)(100 kg)(9.81 m/s^2) = 49.05 N
Therefore, the frictional resistance between the wheels and the floor is 49.05 N.
2. Acceleration:
We can use the kinematic equation, v_f = v_i + at, where v_f is the final velocity, v_i is the initial velocity (0 m/s), a is the acceleration, and t is the time.
v_f = 2.0 m/s
v_i = 0 m/s
t = 5 s
v_f = v_i + at
2.0 m/s = 0 m/s + a(5 s)
a = 0.4 m/s^2
Therefore, the acceleration of the wheelchair is 0.4 m/s^2.
3. Average Force:
The average force that must be exerted on the wheelchair can be calculated using the formula F_avg = Δp/Δt, where Δp is the change in momentum, and Δt is the time interval.
Δp = mv_f - mv_i = (100 kg)(2.0 m/s) - (100 kg)(0 m/s) = 200 kg*m/s
Δt = 5 s
F_avg = Δp/Δt = (200 kg*m/s)/(5 s) = 40 N
Therefore, the average force that must be exerted on the wheelchair is 40 N.
4. Work Done:
The work done can be calculated using the formula W = ΔK, where ΔK is the change in kinetic energy.
ΔK = (1/2)mv_f^2 - (1/2)mv_i^2 = (1/2)(100 kg)(2.0 m/s)^2 - (1/2)(100 kg)(0 m/s)^2 = 200 J
Therefore, the work done on the wheelchair is 200 J.
5. Required Power:
The power required can be calculated using the formula P = W/t, where W is the work done, and t is the time interval.
P = W/t = 200 J/5 s = 40 W
Therefore, the required power is 40 W.