PROBLEMS
1. The net sales of NCR CORP. in 1990 is total, P580,600. The cost of goods manufactured is P480,000.
The beginning inventories of goods in process and finished goods are P82,000 and P65,000,
respectively. The ending inventories are, goods in process, P75,000, finished goods, P55,000. The
selling expenses is 5%, general and administrative expenses 2.5% of cost of sales, respectively. The
net profit in the year 1990 is
A. P45,725 C. P83,000
B. P53,850 D. P90,000
2. In 19x5, CAR INC.’s net income was P800,000 and in 19x6 it was P200,000. What percentage
increase in net income must CAR achieve in 19x7 to offset the 19x6 decline in net income?
A. 60% C. 400%
B. 300% D. 600%
3. ABRA CORP.’s net accounts receivable were P500,000 at December 31, 2000 and P600,000 at
December 31, 2001. Net cash sales for 2001 were P200,000. The accounts receivable turnover for
2001 was 5.0. What were ABRA’s total net sales for 2001?
A. P2,950,000 C. P3,200,000
B. P3,000,000 D. P5,500,000
4. During 1989, APAYAO INC. purchased P960,000 of inventory. The cost of goods sold for 1989 was
P900,000, and the ending inventory at December 31, 1989 was P180,000. What was the inventory
turnover for 1989?
A. 5.0 C. 6.0
B. 5.3 D. 6.4
5. BENGUET INC. has P800,000 of debt outstanding, and it pays an interest rate of 10 percent annually
on its bank loan. BENGUET’s annual sales are P3,200,000, its average tax rate is 40 percent, and its
net profit margin on sales is 6 percent. If the company does not maintain a TIE ratio of at least 4
times, its bank will refuse to renew its loan, and bankruptcy will result. What is BENGUET’s current
TIE ratio?
A. 2.4 C. 3.6
B. 3.4 D. 5.0
6. What would be a company’s “times interest earned ratio” if interest ρáíd on loans amount to P9,000
and its net income after income tax is P99,000. (Assume a 25% income tax rate on first P100,000 of
income and 35% income tax rate on income in excess of P100,000.)
A. 10 times C. 13 times
B. 12 times D. 16.21 times
7. IFUGAO CORP. estimates that its interest charges for this year will be P700 and its net income will be
P3,000. Assuming its average tax rate is 30 percent, what is the company’s estimated times interest
earned ratio?
A. 2.40 C. 5.33
B. 4.25 D. 7.12
8. The average stockholders equity for KALINGA COMPANY for 2000 was P2,000,000. Included in this
figure is P200,000 par value of 8% preferred stock, which remained unchanged during the year. The
return on common shareholders’ equity was 12.5% during the 2000. How much was the net income
of the company in 2000?
A. P234,000 C. P250,000
B. P241,000 D. P225,000
9. ILOCOS NORTE INC. had net income of P5.3 million and earnings per share of common stock of
P2.50. Included in the net income was P500,000 of bond interest expense related to its long-term
debt. The income tax rate was 50%. Dividends on preferred stock were P300,000. The dividend
payout ratio on common stock was 40%. What were the dividends on common stock?
A. P1,800,000 C. P2,000,000
B. P1,900,000 D. P2,120,000
10. The working capital of ILOCOS SUR CO. is P600,000 and its current ratio is 3 to 1. The amount of
current assets is
A. P600,000 C. P1,200,000
B. P900,000 D. P1,800,000
11. LA UNION CORP. pays dividends of P0.62 per quarter, and has annual earnings per share of P2.80.
What is India Oats's dividend yield and dividend payout ratio for 2000, respectively, if its recent
market price is P30.00 and its average market price was P28.00?
A. 8.27% and 22.1%. C. 8.86% and 22.1%.
B. 8.27% and 88.6%. D. 8.86% and 88.6%.
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12. PANGASINAN INC. had the following financial information for the past year:
Sales P860,000 Inventory turnover 8x
Quick ratio 1.5 Current ratio 1.75
What were PANGASINAN’s current liabilities?
A. P 61,429 C. P430,000
B. P107,500 D. P500,000
13. BATANES CORP. has a current ratio of 2.5 and a quick ratio of 2.0. If the firm experienced P2 million
in sales and sustains an inventory turnover of 8.0, what are the firm's current assets?
A. P500,000 C. P1,250,000
B. P1,000,000 D. P1,500,000
14. CAGAYAN INC. has a current ratio equal to 1.6 and a quick ratio equal to 1.2. The company has P2
million in sales and its current liabilities are P1 million. What is the company’s inventory turnover
ratio?
A. 5.0 C. 5.5
B. 5.2 D. 6.0
15. The following were reflected from the records of ISABELA CORP.:
Earnings before interest and taxes P1,250,000
Interest expense 250,000
Preferred dividends 200,000
Payout ratio 40%
Shares outstanding throughout 2003
Preferred 20,000
Common 35,000
Income tax ratio 40%
Price earnings ratio 5 times
The dividend yield ratio is:
A. 0.08 C. 0.40
B. 0.12 D. 0.50
16. NUEVA VIZCAYA INC. has the following relationships:
Annual sales P1,200,000 Inventory turnover ratio 4.8
Current liabilities P 375,000 Current ratio 1.2
Days sales outstanding (DSO) 40 (360-day year)
The company’s current assets consist of cash, inventories, and accounts receivable. How much cash
does Taft have on its balance sheet?
A. -P 8,333 C. P125,000
B. P 66,667 D. P200,000
17. An enterprise has total asset turnover of 3.5 times and a total debt to total assets ratio of 70%. If the
enterprise has total debt of P1,000,000, it has a sales level of
A. P200,000.00 C. P2,450,000.00
B. P408,163.26 D. P5,000,000.00
18. The PAMPANGA CORP. and TARLAC INC. have assets of P100,000 each and a return on common
equity of 17%. PAMPANGA has twice the debt of TARLAC INC. while TARLAC has half the sales of
PAMPANGA. If PAMPANGA has net income of P10,000 and a total assets turnover ratio of 3.5, what is
TARLAC's profit margin?
A. 3.31% C. 10.00%
B. 7.71% D. 13.50%
19. ZAMBALES CORP. has a total assets turnover of 0.30 and a profit margin of 10%. The president is
unhappy with the current return on assets, and he thinks it could be doubled. This could be
accomplished (1) by increasing the profit margin to 15% and (2) by increasing total assets turnover.
What new asset turnover ratio, along with the 15% profit margin, is required to double the return on
assets?
A. 35% C. 45%
B. 40% D. 50%
20. Selected information from the accounting records of the BATANGAS CORP. is as follows:
Net A/R at December 31, 2000 P 900,000
Net A/R at December 31, 2001 P1,000,000
Accounts receivable turnover 5 to 1
Inventories at December 31, 2000 P1,100,000
Inventories at December 31, 2001 P1,200,000
Inventory turnover 4 to 1
What was the gross margin for 2001?
A. P150,000 C. P300,000
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B. P200,000 D. P400,000
21. Assume CAVITE INC. is 100 percent equity financed. Calculate the return on equity, given the
following information:
(1) Earnings before taxes = P1,500 (4) Total assets turnover = 2.0
(2) Sales = P5,000 (5) Tax rate = 30%
(3) Dividend payout ratio = 60%
A. 25% C. 35%
B. 30% D. 42%
22. LAGUNA INC. computed the following items from its financial records for the year just ended:
Price-earnings ratio 12
Payout ratio .6
Asset turnover .9
The dividend yield on LAGUNA's common stock is
A. 5.0% C. 7.5%
B. 7.2% D. 10.8%
23. QUEZON CORP. has an ROE of 15 percent, a debt ratio of 40 percent, and a profit margin of 5
percent. The company’s total assets equal P800 million. What are the company’s sales? (Assume that
the company has no preferred stock.)
A. P 360,000,000 C. P1,440,000,000
B. P 960,000,000 D. P2,400,000,000
24. A fire has destroyed many of the financial records of RIZAL CO. You are assigned to put together a
financial report. You have found the return on equity to be 12% and the debt ratio was 0.40. What
was the return on assets?
A. 5.35% C. 7.20%
B. 6.60% D. 8.40%
25. A firm has total assets of P1,000,000 and a debt ratio of 30 percent. Currently, it has sales of
P2,500,000, total fixed costs of P1,000,000, and EBIT of P50,000. If the firm’s before-tax cost of
debt is 10 percent and the firm’s tax rate is 40 percent, what is the firm’s ROE?
A. 1.7% C. 6.0%
B. 2.5% D. 8.3%
26. A firm has a debt/equity ratio of 50 percent. Currently, it has interest expense of P500,000 on
P5,000,000 of total debt outstanding. Its tax rate is 40 percent. If the firm’s ROA is 6 percent, by
how many percentage points is the firm’s ROE greater than its ROA?
A. 0.0% C. 5.2%
B. 3.0% D. 7.4%
27. Given the following information, calculate the market price per share of MARINDUQUE CORP.
Net income = P200,000 Earnings per share = P2.00
Stockholders’ equity = P2,000,000 Market/Book ratio = 0.20
A. P 2.00 C. P 8.00
B. P 4.00 D. P20.00
28. Earnings per share amount to P10 and the price earnings ratio is 5. If the dividend yield is 8%,
A. The dividend is P4 per share.
B. Market price of the stock must be P40.
C. The amount of dividend cannot be determined.
D. Market value of the stock cannot be determined.
29. Selected data from the year-end financial statements of OCCIDENTAL MINDORO CORP. are presented
below. The difference between average and ending inventories is immaterial.
Current ratio 2.0
Quick ratio 1.5
Current liabilities P600,000
Inventory turnover (based on cost of sales) 8 times
Gross profit margin 40%
World’s net sales for the year were
A. P1.2 million C. P4.0 million
B. P2.4 million D. P6.0 million
30. The following ratios and data were computed from the 1997 financial statement s of ORIENTAL
MINDORO CORP:
Current ratio 1.5
Working capital P20,000
Debt/equity ratio .8
Return on equity .2
If net income for 1997 is P40,000, the balance sheet at the end of 1997 total assets of
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A. P300,000 C. P360,000
B. P340,000 D. P400,000
31. PALAWAN INC. sells all its merchandise on credit. It has a profit margin of 4 percent, days sales
outstanding equal to 60 days, receivables of P150,000, total assets of P3 million, and a debt ratio of
0.64. What is the firm’s return on equity (ROE)? Assume a 360-day year.
A. 3.3% C. 8.1%
B. 7.1% D. 33.3%
32. ROMBLON CORP. had P24,000,000 in sales last year. The company’s net income was P400,000, its
total assets turnover was 6.0, and the company’s ROE was 15 percent. The company is financed
entirely with debt and common equity. What is the company’s debt ratio?
A. 0.20 C. 0.33
B. 0.30 D. 0.60
33. Last year, ALBAY INC. had a profit margin of 10 percent, total assets turnover of 0.5, and a debt ratio
of 20 percent. (The company finances its assets with debt and common equity; it does not use
preferred stock.) This year, the company’s CFO wants to double ROE. She expects the total assets
turnover will remain at 0.5, while the profit margin and debt ratio will increase enough to double ROE.
Assume that the profit margin is increased to 15 percent, what debt ratio will the company need in
order to double its ROE?
A. 0.30 C. 0.40
B. 0.33 D. 0.45
34. CAMARINES NORTE INC. has the following data:
Assets: P10,000 Interest rate: 10.0%
Debt ratio: 60.0% Total assets turnover: 2.0
Profit margin: 3.0% Tax rate: 40%
What is Lombardi’s TIE ratio?
A. 0.95 C. 2.10
B. 1.75 D. 2.67
35. The CAMARINES SUR INC.’s common stock is currently selling at P100 per share, which represents a
P/E ratio of 10. If the firm has 100 shares of common stock outstanding, a return on equity of 20
percent, and a debt ratio of 60 percent, what is its return on total assets (ROA)?
A. 8.0% C. 12.0%
B. 10.0% D. 16.7%
36. CATANDUANES INC. is experiencing a growth rate of 9% with a return on assets of 12%. If the debt
ratio is 36% and the market price of the stock is P38 per share, what is the return on equity?
A. 7.68% C. 12.0%
B. 9.0% D. 18.75%
Questions 37 through 39 are based on the following information.
The condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 1982 of MASBATE INC. is given below. Figures
shown by a question mark (?) may be computed from the additional information given:
ASSETS LIAB. & STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Cash P 60,000 Accounts payable P ?
Trade receivable-net ? Current notes payable 40,000
Inventory ? Long-term payable ?
Fixed assets-net 252,000 Common stock 140,000
Retained earnings ?
Total Assets P 480,000 Total L & SHE P 480,000
Additional information:
Current ratio (as of Dec . 31, 1982) 1.9 to 1
Ratio of total liabilities to total stockholders’ equity 1.4
Inventory turnover based on sales and ending inventory 15 times
Inventory turnover based on cost of goods sold and ending inventory 10 times
Gross margin for 1982 P500,000
37. The balance of accounts payable of MASBATE as of December 31, 1982 is
A. P40,000 C. P95,000
B. P80,000 D. P280,000
38. The balance of retained earnings of MASBATE as of December 31, 1982 is
A. P60,000 C. P200,000
B. P140,000 D. P360,000
39. The balance of inventory of MASBATE as of December 31, 1982 is
A. P68,000 C. P168,000
B. P100,000 D. P228,000
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Questions 40 thru 43 are based on the following information.
You are requested to reconstruct the accounts of SORSOGON INC. for analysis. The following data
were made available to you:
Gross margin for 19x8 P472,500
Ending balance of merchandise inventory P300,000
Total stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 19x8 P750,000
Gross margin ratio 35%
Debt to equity ratio 0.8:1
Times interest earned 10
Quick ratio 1.3:1
Ratio of operating expenses to sales 18%
Long-term liabilities consisted of bonds payable with interest rate of 20%
Based on the above information,
40. What was the operating income for 19x8?
A. P205,550 C. P229,500
B. P243,500 D. P472,500
41. How much was the bonds payable?
A. P114,750 C. P370,500
B. P200,750 D. P400,000
42. Total current liabilities would amount to
A. P485,250 C. P600,000
B. P550,00 D. P714,750
43. Total current assets would amount to
A. P580,000 C. P780,000
B. P630,825 D. P930,825
44. AKLAN INC. has current assets totaling P15 million and a current ratio of 2.5 to 1. What is AKLAN’s
current ratio immediately after it has ρáíd P2million of its accounts payable?
A. 2.75 to 1 C. 3.75 to 1
B. 3.25 to 1 D. 4.75 to 1
45. ANTIQUE CORP. has P2 million in current assets, its current ratio is 1.6, and its quick ratio is 1.2. The
company plans to raise funds as additional notes payable and to use these funds to increase
inventory. By how much can ANTIQUE’s short -term debt (notes payable) increase without pushing its
quick ratio below 0.8?
A. P278,000 C. P556,000
B. P333,000 D. P625,000
46. Last year's asset turnover ratio for CAPIZ CORP. was 2.5. This year, sales increased by 20% and
average total assets increased by 10%. What is the new asset turnover ratio?
A. 2.50 C. 2.73
B. 2.59 D. 3.00
47. GUIMARAS INC. has P3 million in total assets, P1.65 million in equity, and a P500,000 capital budget.
To maintain the same debt-equity ratio, how much debt should be incurred?
A. P50,000 C. P275,000
B. P225,000 D. P450,000
48. ILOILO INC.’s bonds have a provision which stipulates that the ratio of senior debt to total assets will
never rise above 45%. The company is at the limit of that ratio and it wishes to issue still another P25
million in senior debt. How much additional equity capital must it raise to comply with this restrictive
provision?
A. P11.25 million. C. P30.56 million.
B. P20.45 million. D. P55.56 million.
49. BOHOL CORP. recently reported net income of P1,500,000. The company has 300,000 shares of
common stock, and it currently trades at P60 a share. The company continues to expand and
anticipates that one year from now its net income will be P2,500,000. Over the next year the
company also anticipates issuing an additional 100,000 shares of stock, so that one year from now
the company will have 400,000 shares of common stock. Assuming the company’s price earnings
ratio remains at its current level, what will be the company’s stock price one year from now?
A. P55 C. P70
B. P60 D. P75
50. CEBU INC. has annual sales of P365 million. The company’s days sales outstanding (calculated on a
365-day basis) is 50, which is well above the industry average of 35. The company has P200 million
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in current assets, P150 million in current liabilities, and P75 million in inventories. The company’s goal
is to reduce its DSO to the industry average without reducing sales. Cash freed up would be used to
repurchase common stock. What will be the current ratio if the company accomplishes its goal?
A. 0.73 C. 1.33
B. 1.23 D. 1.43
51. SIQUIJOR CORP.’s present year ROE remained at last year's 14% level, while the profit margin was
reduced from 8% to 4% and the leverage ratio increased from 1.2 to 1.5. The effects on asset
turnover were to
A. Remain constant. C. Increase from 1.46 to 2.33.
B. Decease from 14.58 to 2.33. D. Increase from 4.76 to 9.60.
52. BILIRAN INC.’s ROE last year was only 5 percent, but its management has developed a new operating
plan designed to improve things. The new plan calls for a total debt ratio of 60 percent, which will
result in interest charges of P8,000 per year. Management projects an EBIT of P26,000 on sales of
P240,000, and it expects to have a total assets turnover ratio of 2.0. Under these conditions, the
average tax rate will be 40 percent. If the changes are made, what return on equity will BILIRAN
earn?
A. 9.00% C. 17.50%
B. 11.25% D. 22.50%
1. The net sales of NCR CORP. in 1990 is total, P580,600. The cost of goods manufactured is P480,000.
The beginning inventories of goods in process and finished goods are P82,000 and P65,000,
respectively. The ending inventories are, goods in process, P75,000, finished goods, P55,000. The
selling expenses is 5%, general and administrative expenses 2.5% of cost of sales, respectively. The
net profit in the year 1990 is
A. P45,725 C. P83,000
B. P53,850 D. P90,000
2. In 19x5, CAR INC.’s net income was P800,000 and in 19x6 it was P200,000. What percentage
increase in net income must CAR achieve in 19x7 to offset the 19x6 decline in net income?
A. 60% C. 400%
B. 300% D. 600%
3. ABRA CORP.’s net accounts receivable were P500,000 at December 31, 2000 and P600,000 at
December 31, 2001. Net cash sales for 2001 were P200,000. The accounts receivable turnover for
2001 was 5.0. What were ABRA’s total net sales for 2001?
A. P2,950,000 C. P3,200,000
B. P3,000,000 D. P5,500,000
4. During 1989, APAYAO INC. purchased P960,000 of inventory. The cost of goods sold for 1989 was
P900,000, and the ending inventory at December 31, 1989 was P180,000. What was the inventory
turnover for 1989?
A. 5.0 C. 6.0
B. 5.3 D. 6.4
5. BENGUET INC. has P800,000 of debt outstanding, and it pays an interest rate of 10 percent annually
on its bank loan. BENGUET’s annual sales are P3,200,000, its average tax rate is 40 percent, and its
net profit margin on sales is 6 percent. If the company does not maintain a TIE ratio of at least 4
times, its bank will refuse to renew its loan, and bankruptcy will result. What is BENGUET’s current
TIE ratio?
A. 2.4 C. 3.6
B. 3.4 D. 5.0
6. What would be a company’s “times interest earned ratio” if interest ρáíd on loans amount to P9,000
and its net income after income tax is P99,000. (Assume a 25% income tax rate on first P100,000 of
income and 35% income tax rate on income in excess of P100,000.)
A. 10 times C. 13 times
B. 12 times D. 16.21 times
7. IFUGAO CORP. estimates that its interest charges for this year will be P700 and its net income will be
P3,000. Assuming its average tax rate is 30 percent, what is the company’s estimated times interest
earned ratio?
A. 2.40 C. 5.33
B. 4.25 D. 7.12
8. The average stockholders equity for KALINGA COMPANY for 2000 was P2,000,000. Included in this
figure is P200,000 par value of 8% preferred stock, which remained unchanged during the year. The
return on common shareholders’ equity was 12.5% during the 2000. How much was the net income
of the company in 2000?
A. P234,000 C. P250,000
B. P241,000 D. P225,000
9. ILOCOS NORTE INC. had net income of P5.3 million and earnings per share of common stock of
P2.50. Included in the net income was P500,000 of bond interest expense related to its long-term
debt. The income tax rate was 50%. Dividends on preferred stock were P300,000. The dividend
payout ratio on common stock was 40%. What were the dividends on common stock?
A. P1,800,000 C. P2,000,000
B. P1,900,000 D. P2,120,000
10. The working capital of ILOCOS SUR CO. is P600,000 and its current ratio is 3 to 1. The amount of
current assets is
A. P600,000 C. P1,200,000
B. P900,000 D. P1,800,000
11. LA UNION CORP. pays dividends of P0.62 per quarter, and has annual earnings per share of P2.80.
What is India Oats's dividend yield and dividend payout ratio for 2000, respectively, if its recent
market price is P30.00 and its average market price was P28.00?
A. 8.27% and 22.1%. C. 8.86% and 22.1%.
B. 8.27% and 88.6%. D. 8.86% and 88.6%.
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12. PANGASINAN INC. had the following financial information for the past year:
Sales P860,000 Inventory turnover 8x
Quick ratio 1.5 Current ratio 1.75
What were PANGASINAN’s current liabilities?
A. P 61,429 C. P430,000
B. P107,500 D. P500,000
13. BATANES CORP. has a current ratio of 2.5 and a quick ratio of 2.0. If the firm experienced P2 million
in sales and sustains an inventory turnover of 8.0, what are the firm's current assets?
A. P500,000 C. P1,250,000
B. P1,000,000 D. P1,500,000
14. CAGAYAN INC. has a current ratio equal to 1.6 and a quick ratio equal to 1.2. The company has P2
million in sales and its current liabilities are P1 million. What is the company’s inventory turnover
ratio?
A. 5.0 C. 5.5
B. 5.2 D. 6.0
15. The following were reflected from the records of ISABELA CORP.:
Earnings before interest and taxes P1,250,000
Interest expense 250,000
Preferred dividends 200,000
Payout ratio 40%
Shares outstanding throughout 2003
Preferred 20,000
Common 35,000
Income tax ratio 40%
Price earnings ratio 5 times
The dividend yield ratio is:
A. 0.08 C. 0.40
B. 0.12 D. 0.50
16. NUEVA VIZCAYA INC. has the following relationships:
Annual sales P1,200,000 Inventory turnover ratio 4.8
Current liabilities P 375,000 Current ratio 1.2
Days sales outstanding (DSO) 40 (360-day year)
The company’s current assets consist of cash, inventories, and accounts receivable. How much cash
does Taft have on its balance sheet?
A. -P 8,333 C. P125,000
B. P 66,667 D. P200,000
17. An enterprise has total asset turnover of 3.5 times and a total debt to total assets ratio of 70%. If the
enterprise has total debt of P1,000,000, it has a sales level of
A. P200,000.00 C. P2,450,000.00
B. P408,163.26 D. P5,000,000.00
18. The PAMPANGA CORP. and TARLAC INC. have assets of P100,000 each and a return on common
equity of 17%. PAMPANGA has twice the debt of TARLAC INC. while TARLAC has half the sales of
PAMPANGA. If PAMPANGA has net income of P10,000 and a total assets turnover ratio of 3.5, what is
TARLAC's profit margin?
A. 3.31% C. 10.00%
B. 7.71% D. 13.50%
19. ZAMBALES CORP. has a total assets turnover of 0.30 and a profit margin of 10%. The president is
unhappy with the current return on assets, and he thinks it could be doubled. This could be
accomplished (1) by increasing the profit margin to 15% and (2) by increasing total assets turnover.
What new asset turnover ratio, along with the 15% profit margin, is required to double the return on
assets?
A. 35% C. 45%
B. 40% D. 50%
20. Selected information from the accounting records of the BATANGAS CORP. is as follows:
Net A/R at December 31, 2000 P 900,000
Net A/R at December 31, 2001 P1,000,000
Accounts receivable turnover 5 to 1
Inventories at December 31, 2000 P1,100,000
Inventories at December 31, 2001 P1,200,000
Inventory turnover 4 to 1
What was the gross margin for 2001?
A. P150,000 C. P300,000
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B. P200,000 D. P400,000
21. Assume CAVITE INC. is 100 percent equity financed. Calculate the return on equity, given the
following information:
(1) Earnings before taxes = P1,500 (4) Total assets turnover = 2.0
(2) Sales = P5,000 (5) Tax rate = 30%
(3) Dividend payout ratio = 60%
A. 25% C. 35%
B. 30% D. 42%
22. LAGUNA INC. computed the following items from its financial records for the year just ended:
Price-earnings ratio 12
Payout ratio .6
Asset turnover .9
The dividend yield on LAGUNA's common stock is
A. 5.0% C. 7.5%
B. 7.2% D. 10.8%
23. QUEZON CORP. has an ROE of 15 percent, a debt ratio of 40 percent, and a profit margin of 5
percent. The company’s total assets equal P800 million. What are the company’s sales? (Assume that
the company has no preferred stock.)
A. P 360,000,000 C. P1,440,000,000
B. P 960,000,000 D. P2,400,000,000
24. A fire has destroyed many of the financial records of RIZAL CO. You are assigned to put together a
financial report. You have found the return on equity to be 12% and the debt ratio was 0.40. What
was the return on assets?
A. 5.35% C. 7.20%
B. 6.60% D. 8.40%
25. A firm has total assets of P1,000,000 and a debt ratio of 30 percent. Currently, it has sales of
P2,500,000, total fixed costs of P1,000,000, and EBIT of P50,000. If the firm’s before-tax cost of
debt is 10 percent and the firm’s tax rate is 40 percent, what is the firm’s ROE?
A. 1.7% C. 6.0%
B. 2.5% D. 8.3%
26. A firm has a debt/equity ratio of 50 percent. Currently, it has interest expense of P500,000 on
P5,000,000 of total debt outstanding. Its tax rate is 40 percent. If the firm’s ROA is 6 percent, by
how many percentage points is the firm’s ROE greater than its ROA?
A. 0.0% C. 5.2%
B. 3.0% D. 7.4%
27. Given the following information, calculate the market price per share of MARINDUQUE CORP.
Net income = P200,000 Earnings per share = P2.00
Stockholders’ equity = P2,000,000 Market/Book ratio = 0.20
A. P 2.00 C. P 8.00
B. P 4.00 D. P20.00
28. Earnings per share amount to P10 and the price earnings ratio is 5. If the dividend yield is 8%,
A. The dividend is P4 per share.
B. Market price of the stock must be P40.
C. The amount of dividend cannot be determined.
D. Market value of the stock cannot be determined.
29. Selected data from the year-end financial statements of OCCIDENTAL MINDORO CORP. are presented
below. The difference between average and ending inventories is immaterial.
Current ratio 2.0
Quick ratio 1.5
Current liabilities P600,000
Inventory turnover (based on cost of sales) 8 times
Gross profit margin 40%
World’s net sales for the year were
A. P1.2 million C. P4.0 million
B. P2.4 million D. P6.0 million
30. The following ratios and data were computed from the 1997 financial statement s of ORIENTAL
MINDORO CORP:
Current ratio 1.5
Working capital P20,000
Debt/equity ratio .8
Return on equity .2
If net income for 1997 is P40,000, the balance sheet at the end of 1997 total assets of
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A. P300,000 C. P360,000
B. P340,000 D. P400,000
31. PALAWAN INC. sells all its merchandise on credit. It has a profit margin of 4 percent, days sales
outstanding equal to 60 days, receivables of P150,000, total assets of P3 million, and a debt ratio of
0.64. What is the firm’s return on equity (ROE)? Assume a 360-day year.
A. 3.3% C. 8.1%
B. 7.1% D. 33.3%
32. ROMBLON CORP. had P24,000,000 in sales last year. The company’s net income was P400,000, its
total assets turnover was 6.0, and the company’s ROE was 15 percent. The company is financed
entirely with debt and common equity. What is the company’s debt ratio?
A. 0.20 C. 0.33
B. 0.30 D. 0.60
33. Last year, ALBAY INC. had a profit margin of 10 percent, total assets turnover of 0.5, and a debt ratio
of 20 percent. (The company finances its assets with debt and common equity; it does not use
preferred stock.) This year, the company’s CFO wants to double ROE. She expects the total assets
turnover will remain at 0.5, while the profit margin and debt ratio will increase enough to double ROE.
Assume that the profit margin is increased to 15 percent, what debt ratio will the company need in
order to double its ROE?
A. 0.30 C. 0.40
B. 0.33 D. 0.45
34. CAMARINES NORTE INC. has the following data:
Assets: P10,000 Interest rate: 10.0%
Debt ratio: 60.0% Total assets turnover: 2.0
Profit margin: 3.0% Tax rate: 40%
What is Lombardi’s TIE ratio?
A. 0.95 C. 2.10
B. 1.75 D. 2.67
35. The CAMARINES SUR INC.’s common stock is currently selling at P100 per share, which represents a
P/E ratio of 10. If the firm has 100 shares of common stock outstanding, a return on equity of 20
percent, and a debt ratio of 60 percent, what is its return on total assets (ROA)?
A. 8.0% C. 12.0%
B. 10.0% D. 16.7%
36. CATANDUANES INC. is experiencing a growth rate of 9% with a return on assets of 12%. If the debt
ratio is 36% and the market price of the stock is P38 per share, what is the return on equity?
A. 7.68% C. 12.0%
B. 9.0% D. 18.75%
Questions 37 through 39 are based on the following information.
The condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 1982 of MASBATE INC. is given below. Figures
shown by a question mark (?) may be computed from the additional information given:
ASSETS LIAB. & STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Cash P 60,000 Accounts payable P ?
Trade receivable-net ? Current notes payable 40,000
Inventory ? Long-term payable ?
Fixed assets-net 252,000 Common stock 140,000
Retained earnings ?
Total Assets P 480,000 Total L & SHE P 480,000
Additional information:
Current ratio (as of Dec . 31, 1982) 1.9 to 1
Ratio of total liabilities to total stockholders’ equity 1.4
Inventory turnover based on sales and ending inventory 15 times
Inventory turnover based on cost of goods sold and ending inventory 10 times
Gross margin for 1982 P500,000
37. The balance of accounts payable of MASBATE as of December 31, 1982 is
A. P40,000 C. P95,000
B. P80,000 D. P280,000
38. The balance of retained earnings of MASBATE as of December 31, 1982 is
A. P60,000 C. P200,000
B. P140,000 D. P360,000
39. The balance of inventory of MASBATE as of December 31, 1982 is
A. P68,000 C. P168,000
B. P100,000 D. P228,000
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Questions 40 thru 43 are based on the following information.
You are requested to reconstruct the accounts of SORSOGON INC. for analysis. The following data
were made available to you:
Gross margin for 19x8 P472,500
Ending balance of merchandise inventory P300,000
Total stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 19x8 P750,000
Gross margin ratio 35%
Debt to equity ratio 0.8:1
Times interest earned 10
Quick ratio 1.3:1
Ratio of operating expenses to sales 18%
Long-term liabilities consisted of bonds payable with interest rate of 20%
Based on the above information,
40. What was the operating income for 19x8?
A. P205,550 C. P229,500
B. P243,500 D. P472,500
41. How much was the bonds payable?
A. P114,750 C. P370,500
B. P200,750 D. P400,000
42. Total current liabilities would amount to
A. P485,250 C. P600,000
B. P550,00 D. P714,750
43. Total current assets would amount to
A. P580,000 C. P780,000
B. P630,825 D. P930,825
44. AKLAN INC. has current assets totaling P15 million and a current ratio of 2.5 to 1. What is AKLAN’s
current ratio immediately after it has ρáíd P2million of its accounts payable?
A. 2.75 to 1 C. 3.75 to 1
B. 3.25 to 1 D. 4.75 to 1
45. ANTIQUE CORP. has P2 million in current assets, its current ratio is 1.6, and its quick ratio is 1.2. The
company plans to raise funds as additional notes payable and to use these funds to increase
inventory. By how much can ANTIQUE’s short -term debt (notes payable) increase without pushing its
quick ratio below 0.8?
A. P278,000 C. P556,000
B. P333,000 D. P625,000
46. Last year's asset turnover ratio for CAPIZ CORP. was 2.5. This year, sales increased by 20% and
average total assets increased by 10%. What is the new asset turnover ratio?
A. 2.50 C. 2.73
B. 2.59 D. 3.00
47. GUIMARAS INC. has P3 million in total assets, P1.65 million in equity, and a P500,000 capital budget.
To maintain the same debt-equity ratio, how much debt should be incurred?
A. P50,000 C. P275,000
B. P225,000 D. P450,000
48. ILOILO INC.’s bonds have a provision which stipulates that the ratio of senior debt to total assets will
never rise above 45%. The company is at the limit of that ratio and it wishes to issue still another P25
million in senior debt. How much additional equity capital must it raise to comply with this restrictive
provision?
A. P11.25 million. C. P30.56 million.
B. P20.45 million. D. P55.56 million.
49. BOHOL CORP. recently reported net income of P1,500,000. The company has 300,000 shares of
common stock, and it currently trades at P60 a share. The company continues to expand and
anticipates that one year from now its net income will be P2,500,000. Over the next year the
company also anticipates issuing an additional 100,000 shares of stock, so that one year from now
the company will have 400,000 shares of common stock. Assuming the company’s price earnings
ratio remains at its current level, what will be the company’s stock price one year from now?
A. P55 C. P70
B. P60 D. P75
50. CEBU INC. has annual sales of P365 million. The company’s days sales outstanding (calculated on a
365-day basis) is 50, which is well above the industry average of 35. The company has P200 million
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in current assets, P150 million in current liabilities, and P75 million in inventories. The company’s goal
is to reduce its DSO to the industry average without reducing sales. Cash freed up would be used to
repurchase common stock. What will be the current ratio if the company accomplishes its goal?
A. 0.73 C. 1.33
B. 1.23 D. 1.43
51. SIQUIJOR CORP.’s present year ROE remained at last year's 14% level, while the profit margin was
reduced from 8% to 4% and the leverage ratio increased from 1.2 to 1.5. The effects on asset
turnover were to
A. Remain constant. C. Increase from 1.46 to 2.33.
B. Decease from 14.58 to 2.33. D. Increase from 4.76 to 9.60.
52. BILIRAN INC.’s ROE last year was only 5 percent, but its management has developed a new operating
plan designed to improve things. The new plan calls for a total debt ratio of 60 percent, which will
result in interest charges of P8,000 per year. Management projects an EBIT of P26,000 on sales of
P240,000, and it expects to have a total assets turnover ratio of 2.0. Under these conditions, the
average tax rate will be 40 percent. If the changes are made, what return on equity will BILIRAN
earn?
A. 9.00% C. 17.50%
B. 11.25% D. 22.50%
ividends on Common Stock = Total Dividends ρáíd - Dividends on Preferred Stock= P2,420,000 - P300,000= P2,120,000