1. The Spanish term for the corporate councils or organizations that represent the interests of various ethnic groups is "gremios" or "cofradías."
2. A major factor that brought Chinese mestizos to a position of economic and social prominence during the period of 1750-1850 was their strategic positioning as intermediaries between the Chinese merchants and the Spanish colonial authorities. They often acted as brokers, facilitating trade and commerce between the two groups. Additionally, Chinese mestizos were able to leverage their bilingual and bicultural backgrounds to navigate both the Chinese and Spanish spheres effectively.
3. The issue of friars owning lands without titles and illegally enlarging their territories was a common problem during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines. This practice not only led to the accumulation of vast landholdings by the friars but also resulted in the displacement of indigenous communities from their ancestral lands. The lack of proper land titles and the îllégâl expansion of their territories contributed to social unrest and conflicts between the friars and the local population.
4. It was improbable for Fr. Burgos to have been implicated in the Cavite Mutiny because there was no concrete evidence linking him to the uprising. Fr. Burgos was a well-respected priest known for his advocacy for the rights of the Filipino clergy and his criticism of the abuses of the Spanish friars. While he was unjustly implicated and later executed in the aftermath of the mutiny, there was no direct involvement or proof of his participation in the planning or execution of the rebellion.
