Tutorial Clean up and optimize ubuntu 12.10 quantal quetzal, ubuntu server and any version

[Draft]

For cleaning up Ubuntu 12.10 , you can use GUI applications like ubuntu tweak and/or bleachbit and with baobab to check disk space but I prefer to use the terminal.


Here are the commands That I use to save space and clean up all ubuntu 12.10 versions ( Ubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu … )


Cleaning up Ubuntu using the terminal


Let’s start by checking the occupation of disk space you can use the command


df -a


then check the size of the main folders

sudo du -sxm  /[^p]* | sort -nr   | head -n 15

Remove unnecessary libraries and packages:


To delete all package dependencies removed

sudo apt-get autoremove

delete the files (.deb) of the packages that are no longer installed in the system;

sudo apt-get autoclean

The following command is really interesting, because it allows the removal even of the configuration files. This can be useful when you want to reinstall applications from scratch.

[b]sudo apt-get purge[/b]

clean is much more radical than autoclean. It removes any files .deb from the apt cache, including those relating to the packages currently installed. This command allow a good a good recovery of disk space counterpart is that if you reinstall a package it have to be downloaded. (1.2 GB recovered)

[b]sudo apt-get clean[/b]

##r remove from the cache (/ var / cache / apt) any package, except for the lock files


we can tie together the commands with:

sudo apt-get autoremove && sudo apt-get autoclean && sudo apt-get purge && sudo apt-get clean

( I recovered 1.2 GB )


Now, check and resolve any errors or broken dependencies with:

sudo apt-get check ; sudo apt-get -f install

Remove orphaned libraries

[code]sudo apt-get install deborphan

sudo apt-get remove --purge deborphan; sudo apt-get autoremove
or
sudo deborphan | xargs sudo apt-get -y remove --purge
and[/code]


To search and cleaning unused configurations


To search and cleaning folders and unused configurations files we can use :

sudo dpkg --purge `dpkg -l | egrep "^rc" | cut -d ' ' -f3`

to seek only

dpkg -l | egrep "^rc" | cut -d ' ' -f3

Remove Old Kernel


Each version of the kernel can occupy up to 150 MB. If you have downloaded the headers you get 250MB of space. Therefore becomes crucial periodically remove some of the older kernels.


Check the current kernel t


uname -r


View the installed kernels

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

maurizio@Lub12120:~$ dpkg --list | grep linux-image
ii  linux-image-3.5.0-16-generic		  3.5.0-16.24							   amd64		Linux kernel image for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.5.0-17-generic		  3.5.0-17.28							   amd64		Linux kernel image for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-extra-3.5.0-16-generic	3.5.0-16.24							   amd64		Linux kernel image for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-extra-3.5.0-17-generic	3.5.0-17.28							   amd64		Linux kernel image for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-generic				   3.5.0.17.19							   amd64		Generic Linux kernel image

Lists the headers installed

ls /usr/src | grep 'linux-headers'

First remove the headers
using somethings like this

sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-3.5.0-16

then remove any specific kernel that is no longer needed

sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.5.0-16-generic

( 0.6 GB recovered )


Remove unnecessary location data packets


To remove packages and languages ​​that do not involve using the program localpurge.

sudo apt-get install localepurge

.
In the window that appears after installation, select the languages ​​you wish to protect.
Here you can select the languages ​​that interest us.
for example we can check:
en
en_GB
en_US
en_GB.UTF-8
en_US.UTF-8


then

 sudo localepurge

to reconfigure localpurge type

sudo dpkg-reconfigure localepurge

To save space: remove o shrink files


Let’s start by checking the folders size into home directory.
You can use the command


home directory


Let’s start by checking the folders size into home directory.
You can use the command

du -sm * .[^.]* | sort -nr   | head -n 15

Files to check periodically to save space:


.xession-errors


One of the files that can grow up to tens of GB and that may need to check is the file:
/home/<myhome>/.xsession-errors


This file can be erased from time to time.


or to reduce it and keep last 200 lines of messages

	cd ~
	tail  -n 200 .xsession-errors  > xsession-errors
	mv  xsession-errors .xsession-errors

A home directory that you can grow a lot is the directory /cache.
There there are the browsers cache so to clean up it I prefer to use browser commands.


The directory /home/my-home/tmp should be checked and emptied every so often.


directory /var


at the root level, from time to time, check the /var direcotry :
/var/log/
/var/tmp/…
/var/cache/…


to display the size of the /var

sudo du -sxm /var/* | sort -nr | head -n 15

Alert. You should only delete files. Absolutely not delete the folders that contain them.


Large size file


May be useful to check if exist large size files everyware e for any users.
The command for 750MB size files may be like:

sudo find / -size +750M -exec ls -lhG {} \; | more

Services


When you start ubuntu like any S.O. are activated services that are not always necessary with the inevitable resource consumption. To check the services that are not strictly necessary on a terminal you can use sysv-rc-conf.


to install

sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf

to start with

 sudo sysv-rc-conf

Check or uncheck the options to set the start whether or not a service in a given runlevel (Less services are running more resources are available).


Free up RAM


To release the RAM could be useful

sudo -s   
[i]Write the data in the buffer memory to disk.[/i]
sync  
[i]Let's free some memory cache inactive[/i]
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

more: Liberare memoria RAM ubuntu debian linux


Optimize Ubuntu


Manage archives


Install applications to manage archives of files compressed.
If one needs to use the various formats of compressed files evaluate the installation of the following packages.

sudo apt-get install unace unrar zip unzip p7zip-full \
	p7zip-rar sharutils rar uudeview mpack lha arj cabextract file-roller

Common Codecs


A few common codecs

sudo apt-get install libavcodec53 libavformat53 libavutil51 libpostproc52 lame \
libcdaudio1 libdvdnav4 libdvdread4 libfaac0 libfaad2 libfftw3-3 libgsm1 libid3tag0 \
libjack-jackd2-0 libmad0 libmms0 libmp3lame0 libmpcdec6 libmpeg2-4 libjpeg-progs \
mencoder libxine1-ffmpeg  mplayer2 mplayer-gui

Medibuntu


Perhaps you have to evaluate installation of non-free-codec. “Medibuntu (Multimedia, Entertainment & Distractions In Ubuntu) is a repository of packages that cannot be included into the Ubuntu distribution for legal reasons (copyright, license, patent, etc). ” You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.

sudo -E wget --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_release -cs).list
 
sudo apt-get --quiet update
sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring
sudo apt-get update

w32codecs video codecs for popular proprietary formats not natively supported by mplayer You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.


libdvdcss2 for play encrypted DVD You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.


Ubuntu 32bit

	sudo apt-get install w32codecs libdvdcss2

Ubuntu 64bit

	sudo apt-get install w64codecs libdvdcss2

FSlint


FSlint is a useful application to search for duplicate files and not only in Ubuntu and Debian Linux ..

sudo apt-get install fslint

FSlint un utile applicativo per ricercare file duplicati e non solo in Ubuntu Linux


GUI


bleachbit is an effective way to clean a Linux system like Ubuntu: apt cache, browsers cache …


install

sudo apt-get install bleachbit

be used as either a user as root


Ubuntu-Tweak


Ubuntu Tweak allows configuration via GUI Ubuntu easily. Cleaning the cache of web browsers … and the removal of obsolete kernel, Configuring themes, sounds, default applications …


install :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

Device busy


In case of error device busy proceed similarly to what reported in this post device busy fd0 in Lubuntu 12.10


List of useful applications


Programmi essenziali per Ubuntu


Links:

• Pulire e ottimizzare Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal – applicazioni GUI
• Clean up and optimize Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal

 

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tnx sa tutorial. .