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Closed Internet in The Philippines

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Cryptolifee

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The Internet first made its connection to the You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. on March 29, 1994. On that date the Philippine Network Foundation (PHNet) connected the country and its people to You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. in theYou do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. via a 64 kbit/s link.You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.

A year after the connection, The Public Telecommunications Act of the Philippines was made into law. Securing a You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. is now optional for You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. providers. This law enabled many other organizations to establish connections to the Internet, such as to create Web sites and having their own Internet services or providing Internet service and access to other groups and individuals. These developments are very significant for the country's Internet sector.

However the growth of the Internet in the Philippines was hindered by many obstacles including unequal distribution of Internet infrastructure throughout the country, its cost and corruption in the government.You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. But these obstacles did not altogether halt all the developments. More connection types were made available to more Filipinos. Increasing bandwidth and a growing number of Filipino Internet users as years passed were proof of the continuing development of the Internet in the country.

The You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now., codified as Republic Act No. 10175, criminalized You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now., You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.,child ****ography, You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now., îllégâl access to data and You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now..You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. The act has been criticized for its provision on criminalizing libel, which is perceived to be a curtailment in freedom of expression. After several petitions submitted to the You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. questioned the constitutionality of the Act,You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. the Supreme Court issued a You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. on October 9, 2012, stopping implementation of the Act for 120 days.You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.

A You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. was filed in the Philippine legislature in 2013 to, among others, repeal Republic Act No. 10175.You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. The Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No 10175 were promulgated on August 12, 2015.You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.

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A timeline of the early history of the Internet in the Philippines:You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now.

August 1986: The first Philippine-based, public-access BBS [bulletin board system], First-Fil RBBS went online with an annual subscription fee of P1,000. A precursor to the local online forum, it ran an open-source BBS software on an IBM XT Clone PC with a 1200bit/s modem and was operated by Dan Angeles and Ed Castañeda.

1987: The Philippine FidoNet Exchange, a local network for communication between several BBSes in Metro Manila, was formed.

1990: A committee helmed by Arnie del Rosario of the Ateneo Computer Technology Center was tasked with exploring the possibility of creating an academic network of universities and government institutions by the National Computer Center under Dr. William Torres. Recommendations were made but not implemented.

1991-1993: Emergence of email gateways and services in the Philippines, including some from multinational companies like Intel, Motorola, and Texas Instruments, which used a direct Internet connection, X.25, or UCCP protocol. Local firms ETPI, Philcom, and You do not have permission to view the full content of this post. Log in or register now. (Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company) also operated commercial X.25 networks. Another milestone: Local and international email to FidoNet users was introduced.

June 1993: With the support of the Department of Science and Technology and the Industrial Research Foundation, the Philnet project (now PHNET) was born. The Philnet technical committee, composed of computer buffs working at the DOST and representatives from the Ateneo de Manila University (Richie Lozada and Arnie del Rosario), De La Salle University (Kelsey Hartigan-Go), University of the Philippines Diliman (Rodel Atanacio and Rommel Feria), and University of the Philippines Los Baños, would eventually play a significant role in connecting the Philippines to the World Wide Web.

July 1993: Phase one of the Philnet project shifted into full gear after receiving funding from the DOST. It proved to be successful, as students from partner universities were able to send emails to the Internet by routing them through Philnet's gateway at the University of the Philippines Diliman Computer Center, which was connected to another gateway at the Victoria University of Technology in Australia via IDD Dial-Up (Hayes Modem).

November 1993: An additional P12.5-million grant for the first year's running cost was awarded by the DOST to buy equipment and lease communication lines needed to kickstart the second phase of Philnet, now led by Dr. Rudy Villarica.

March 29, 1994, 1:15 a.m.: Benjie Tan, who was working for ComNet, a company that supplied Cisco routers to the Philnet project, established the Philippine's first connection to the Internet at a PLDT network center in Makati City. Shortly thereafter, he posted a short message to the Usenet newsgroup soc.culture.filipino to alert Filipinos overseas that a link had been made. His message read: "As of March 29, 1994 at 1:15 am Philippine time, unfortunately 2 days late due to slight technical difficulties, the Philippines was FINALLY connected to the Internet via SprintLink. The Philippine router, a Cisco 7000 router was attached via the services of PLDT and Sprint communications to SprintLink's router at Stockton Ca. The gateway to the world for the Philippines will be via NASA Ames Research Center. For now, a 64K serial link is the information highway to the rest of the Internet world."

March 29, 1994, 10:18 a.m.: "We're in," Dr. John Brule, a Professor Emeritus in Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Syracuse University, announced at The First International E-Mail Conference at the University of San Carlos in Talamban, Cebu, signifying that Philnet's 64 kbit/s connection was live.
 
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