CreepyTricks
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GENERAL PARTS AND FUNCTION
CONTENT
1. PARTS AND FUNCTION
2. TUTORIAL HOW TO REPAIR MOBILE PHONE
3. HOW TO USE MULTIMETER
4. SMALL PARTS / ELECTRONICS COMPONENT .
5. COMPLETE TOOLS TO REPAIR MOBILE PHONE.
6. UNBLOCK YOUR SMART/TNT SIM (DATA CONNECTION)
Big Parts of a Mobile Cell Phone and Their Function:
1. Antenna Switch: It is found in the Network Section of a mobile phone
and is made up of metal and non-metal. In GSM sets it is found in white color and in CDMA sets it is found in golden metal.
Work: It searches network and passes forward after tuning.
Faults: If the Antenna Switch is faulty then there will be no network in the mobile phone.
2. P.F.O: It is found near the Antenna Switch in the Network Section of the
PCB of Mobile Phone. It is also called P.A (Power Amplifier) and Band Pass Filter.
Work: It filters and amplifies network frequency and selects the home network.
Faults: If the PFO is faulty then there will be no network in the mobile phone. If it gets short then the mobile phone will get dead.
3. RF IC / Hagar / Network IC: This electronic component found near
the PFO in the Network Section of a Mobile Phone. It is also called RF signal processor.
Work: It works as transmitter and receiver of audio and radio waves according to the instruction from the CPU.
Faults: If the RF IC is faulty then there will be problem with network in the mobile phone. Sometimes the mobile phone can even get dead.
4. 26 MHz Crystal Oscillator: It is found near the PFO in the Network
Section of a Mobile Phone. It is also called
Network Crystal . It is made up of metal.
Work: It creates frequency during outgoing calls.
Faults: If this crystal is faulty then there will be no outgoing call and no network in the mobile phone.
5. VCO: It is found near the Network IC in the Network Section of a Mobile
Phone.
Work: It sends time, date and voltage to the RF IC / Hager and the CPU. It also creates frequency after taking command from the CPU.
Faults: If it is faulty then there will be no network in the mobile phone and it will display “Call End” or “Call Failed”.
6. RX Filter: It is found in the Network Section of a Mobile Phone.
Work: It filters frequency during incoming calls.
Faults: If it is faulty then there will network problem during incoming calls.
7. TX Filter: It is found in the Network Section of a Mobile Phone.
Work: It filters frequency during outgoing calls.
Faults: If it is faulty then there will network problem during outgoing calls.
8. ROM: It is found in the Power Section of a Mobile Phone.
Work: It loads current operating program in a Mobile Phone.
Faults: If ROM is faulty then there will software problem in the mobile phone and the set will get dead.
9. RAM: It is found in the Power Section of a Mobile Phone.
Work: It sends and receives commands of the operating program in a mobile phone.
Faults: If RAM is faulty then there will be software problem in the mobile phone and it will get frequently get hanged and the set can even get dead.
10. Flash IC: It is found in the Power Section of a Mobile Phone. It is also
called EEPROM IC, Memory IC, RAM IC and ROM IC.
Work: Software of the mobile phone is installed in the Flash IC.
Faults: If Flash IC is faulty then the mobile phone will not work properly and it can even get dead.
11. Power IC: It is found in the Power Section of a Mobile Phone. There are
many small components mainly capacitor around this IC. RTC is near the Power IC.
Work: It takes power from the battery and supplies to all other parts of a mobile phone.
Faults: If Power IC is faulty then the set will get dead.
12. Charging IC: It is found in the Power Section near R22.
Work: It takes current from the charger and charges the battery.
Faults: If Charging IC is faulty then the set will not get charged. If the Charging IC is short then the set will get dead.
13. RTC (Simple Silicon Crystal): It is Real Time Clock and is found in
the Power Section near Power IC. It is made up of either metal or non-metal. It is of long shape.
Work: It helps to run the date and time in a mobile phone.
Faults: If RTC is faulty then there will be no date or time in the mobile phone and the set can even get dead.
14. CPU: It is found in the Power Section. It is also called MAD IC, RAP IC
and UPP. It is the largest IC on the PCB of a Mobile Phone and it looks different from all other ICs.
Work: It controls all sections of a mobile phone.
Faults: If CPU is faulty then the mobile phone will get dead.
15. Logic IC / UI IC: It is found in any section of a mobile phone. It has 20
pins or legs. It is also called UI IC and Interface IC.
Work: It controls Ringer, Vibrator and LED of a mobile phone.
Faults: If Logic IC / UI IC is faulty then Ringer, Vibrator and LED of mobile phone will nor work properly.
16. Audio IC: It is found in Power Section of a mobile phone. It is also
called Cobba IC and Melody IC.
Work: It controls Speaker and Microphone of a mobile phone.
Faults: If Audio IC is faulty then Speaker and Microphone of a mobile phone will not work and the set can even get dead.
[SMARTPHONE REPAIRING]
Following are some of the basics that one must learn to master the art of smartphone repairing:
The Basics of Smartphone Repairing
Assembling & disassembling of different types of smartphones.
Knowledge of different parts of smartphone and their function.
How to use Multimeter.
Understanding Hardware of Smartphone
Understanding of Circuit Board / Motherboard / Logic Board.
How to check faulty parts and how to replace them.
Fault finding & troubleshooting.
How to repair different hardware problems.
Understanding Software of Smartphone
Proper understanding of smartphone operating system including Android and iOS.
Understanding types of software faults.
Flashing smartphones.
Upgrading operating system.
Unlocking of handsets through codes and software.
Tools to Repair Smartphone
Before you start repairing any smartphone, it is important to have the right tools and took kit. Modern smartphones are very delicate and sensitive to ESD (Electrostatic Discharge). Hence it is important to have the right and
ESD-Safe tools.
Following are some the must-have tools that you will need to repair and brand and any model of smartphone:
A workbench or work table with layer of ESD-Safe mat that is properly grounded. Remember that without proper grounding, ESD-Safe mat is good for nothing.
T4, T5 and T6 precision screwdriver. These three screwdrivers is sufficient for most repairing jobs.
Suction Cup – Used to remove glass panel of a smartphone.
SIM Card Eject Tool – Used to safely remove the SIM card from iPhones.
Spudger – Used to disconnect connectors, remove thermal paste, pry off components etc.
Opening Tool – Used to safely pry open smartphones without scratching the case, glass, or internal components.
ESD-Safe Tweezers – Used for picking up and handling screws and other small components.
Opening Pick – Can be used for prying, sliding, separating etc.
Soldering Iron or Soldering Station.
Hot Air SMD Rework Station.
Here is Complete List of Tools to Repair Mobile Cell Phone
Most Common Smartphone Repairs
While there can be different problems with a smartphone, studies and observations have shown following major problems:
Screen *****ed or smashed – 60 to 65%
Water damage – 20 to 30%
Charging connector damaged – 10 to 15%
Other problems include:
Broken LCD Screen or Touchscreen.
Broken or Faulty PDA or External Touchscreen (glass / digitizer).
*****ed, Broken or Faulty Internal LCD Display.
Charging connector / USB connector / dock broken or faulty
Damage due to Water or any other Liquid.
Unlock a Locked phone.
No Network Signal.
No Wi-Fi
Bluetooth Problem.
Data retrieval from dead phone.
Not powering / not charging / no signs of life or Dead.
Speaker / Microphone / Loudspeaker / Ringer / No Sound problem.
Keypad buttons not working.
Home button problem.
Broken volume / power / camera button problems.
SIM card / SD card problems.
Camera problems.
Phone is freezes / crashing / won’t start up
Replacement of housing.
Headphone Socket problem.
TOOLS TO REPAIR MOBILE PHONE
Here is complete list of tools and equipment needed to repair smartphone or any normal mobile cell phone:
1. Soldering Iron or Soldering Station: Buy a good quality ESD-Safe soldering iron or soldering station to solder parts and components like capacitor, resistor, diode, transistor, regulator, speaker, microphone, display etc.
Hakko and Weller are two world renowned manufacturers of soldering irons and other soldering tools and equipments.
2. Cleaning Sponge: This is used to clean tip of soldering iron while soldering.
3. Hot Air Blower: Also called SMD (Surface Mount Device) rework system and SMD repair system. It has control to regulate or manage temperature and flow or hot air. Always buy a good quality ESD-Safe hot air blower. It is used to remove and again solder ICs.
4. PCB Holder / PCB Stand : A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) holder or PCB Stand is used to hold the PCB of a mobile phone while soldering or repairing.
5. Solder Wire and Flux : Solder wire is used to solder electronic components, ICs etc. Flux is applied before soldering to remove any oxide or contamination at the solder joints. Buy good quality solder wire and No-Clean Flux.
6. Solder Paste: This is solder in molted semi-solid form. It looks like paste. Solder paste is mainly used for Reballing of ICs.
7. Desoldering Wire : Desoldering wire or Desolder wire is used to remove excess solder from track of PCB. Chemtronics is world renowned manufacturer and supplier of Desoldering wire.
8. Thinner or PCB Cleaner : Thinner or PCB cleaner is used to clean the PCB of a mobile phone. The most common PCB cleaner used in mobile phone repairing is IPA or Isopropyl *******.
9. Jumper Wire: This is a thin laminated or coated copper wire used to jumper from one point to another on the track of a mobile phone while repairing. Most people doing the work of mobile repairing do jumper to solve many problems.
10. Point Cutter: It is used for cutting wires etc.
11. Precision Screwdriver : Used to remove and tighten screws while assembling and dissembling a mobile phone. Precision screwdrivers of sizes T4, T5, T6 and four head are good for most mobile repairing job.
12. Tweezers: To hold electronic components, ICs, jumper wire etc while soldering and desoldering.
13. ESD-Safe Cleaning Brush : Used for cleaning the PCB of a mobile phone while repairing.
14. Multimeter: Used to find faults, check track and components.
15. Battery Booster : It is used to boost the power of battery of a mobile phone.
16. Ultrasonic Cleaner : Used to clean PCB of a mobile phone and electronic components.
17. BGA Kit: Used to Reball and repair ball-type ICs. BGA stands for Ball Grid Array.
18. Magnifying Lamp: It is used to see the magnified view of the PCB of a mobile phone. Most magnifying lamps also have light. Magnifying lamps are available in different magnification such as 3x, 4x, 5x, 10x, 50x etc.
19. Mobile Opener : These are used to open the housing or body of a mobile phone.
20. DC Power Supply: Regulated DC (Direct Current) power supply is used to supply DC current to a mobile phone. Most repair person used DC power supply to switch ON a mobile phone without battery.
SMALL PARTS/ SMALL COMPONENT OF MOBILE PHONE
Small Parts / Electronic Components of a Mobile Phone: Identification, Faults and Function:
Boost Coil: Its size is little bigger than coil. It is found in black colour and
looks like a large button. Its function is to increase current. If this coil gets damaged then it has to be changed.
Coil: It is found in any section of a mobile phone. It is found in many shapes and sizes. Coils are found in 2 colours: (i) Black and white; and (ii) Blue and white. It has binding of copper coil inside. It filters and decreases Current and Voltage.
Capacitor: 3 types of capacitor are found in a mobile cell phone:
1. Non-Electrolytic Capacitor: It is found in any section of a mobile
phone. Its height is little more than chip resistance. It can be of gray, yellow or brown in color. It has no Positive (+) or Negative (-) side. It filters DC current.
2. Electrolytic Capacitor: It is found in any section of a mobile phone. Its size is larger than non-electrolytic capacitor. It is found in 2 colors – (i) Orange with brown strip: and (ii) Black with white strip. The side with the strip is Positive (+) and the other side is Negative (-). It filters and stores current.
3. Network Capacitor: It is found in any section of a mobile phone. It is made from 2 or more Non-Electrolytic Capacitors.
Coupler: This electronic component is found in the Network Section of a
mobile phone. It is of either black or white color and has 6 pins bent inside.
Function: It filters network.
Faults: If the coupler is faulty then there will be no network in the mobile phone.
Diode: Diodes are of 4 types:-
1. Rectifier Diode: It is found in black color and converts AC Current to DC Current. It passes current in one direction. It does not pass current in reverse direction.
Mobile Phone Rectifier Diode
2. LED: It is found in white or light yellow color and emits light.
Mobile Phone LED
3. Zener Diode: It is found in charging section. It filters and minimize current and passes forward. It acts as voltage regulator. Zener diode has fixed capacity like 4V, 6V, 8V etc.
Mobile Phone Zener Diode
4. Photo Diode: It is used for Infrared. It captures Infrared Rays.
Mobile Phone Photo Diode
Regulator: This electronic component is found in any section of a mobile phone. It is of black color and has 5 or 6 legs. It filters current and regulates voltage.
Mobile Phone Regulator
Resistance or Resistor: There are 2 types of resistance on the PCB of a
mobile phone:
1. Chip Resistance: It can be found in any section of a mobile phone. It is of black color. In some sets it is also found in blue and green colour. It is the smallest electronic components on the PCB of a mobile phone. It Decreases current and passes forward.
2. Network Resistance: It can be found in any section of a mobile phone. It is made from 2 or more Chip Resistance.
Transistor: This electronic component is found in any section of a mobile phone. It is of black color and it has 3 legs. It does the work of switching.
HOW TO USE MULTIMETER | HOW TO USE DIGITAL MULTIMETER | HOW TO USE ANALOG MULTIMETER
Multimeters are of two types – Analog Multimeter and Digital Multimeter. How to use Multimeter to check voltage, Ohms, battery, continuity etc is more or less the same. The only difference is that a digital Multimeter has a digital display of all the readings. An analog Multimeter has a needle-type pointer that moves to a reading while testing any device or electronic component.
Most Multimeters, often spelt as Multi Meter, will have following:
1. Function and Range Switch: This switch is used to select the function and desired range as well as to turn the instrument. In order to extend the life of the battery of the Multimeter, this switch must be kept in the “OFF” position when the instrument is not in use.
2. Display or LCD: To display all the readings.
3. Common Jack: Plug in connector for black (negative) test lead or probe.
4. V ? mA Jack: Plug in connector for red (positive) test lead or probe for all voltage, resistance and current (except 10A) measurements.
5. 10A Jack: Plug in connector for red (positive) test lead or probe for 10A measurement.
How to Use Multimeter
Packing List or Items that come with a New Multimeter:
1. Multimeter.
2. Set or red and black test leads or probes.
3. Battery.
4. Thermoelectric couple.
5. Operator Instruction Manual.
How to Use a Multimeter (Analog and Digital): Instruction:
How to Measure DC ( Direct Current) Voltage / DC Voltage Measurement:
1. Connect the red Test Lead to “V ? mA Jack” and the black lead to
“COM” jack.
2. Set the “Range Switch” to desired DC V position. If the voltage to be measured is not known then set the Switch to the highest range and reduce it until satisfactory reading is obtained.
3. Connect Test Leads to device or circuit being measured.
4. Turn ON Power of the device, instrument or component being measured. Voltage will appear on the Digital Display of a Digital Multimeter along with voltage polarity.
How to Measure AC (Alternating Current) Voltage Using a Multimeter / AC Voltage Measurement:
1. Connect the red Test Lead to “V ? mA Jack” and the black lead to
“COM” jack.
2. Set the “Range Switch” to desired AC V position.
3. Connect Test Leads to device, electronic component or circuit being measured.
4. Voltage value will appear on the Digital or Analog Display the Multimeter.
How to Measure DC (Alternating Current) Current Using a Multimeter / DC Current Measurement:
1. Connect the red probe to “V ? mA Jack” and the black probe to “COM” jack. To measure DC current between 200mA and 10A, connect the Red probe to “10A” jack with fully depressed.
2. Set the “Range Switch” to desired AC A position.
3. Open the circuit to be measured and connect probes in series with the load in which current is to be measured.
4. Read value on display.
How to Measure Resistance Using a Multimeter / Resistance Measurement:
1. Connect the red probe to “V ? mA Jack” and the black probe to
“COM” jack.
2. Set the “Range Switch” to desired
Ohms (?) position.
3. If the resistor to be measured is connected to a circuit then TURN OFF POWER and discharge all capacitors before measurement.
4. Connect probes to circuit being measured.
5. Read resistance value on display.
How to Measure Diode / Diode Measurement:
1. Connect the red Test Lead to “V ? mA Jack” and the black lead to
“COM” jack.
2. Set the “Range Switch” to diode position.
3. Connect Red Test Leads to Anode of the Diode and Black Test Lead to Cathode.
4. The forward voltage drop in mV will be displayed in the screen or display. If the diode is reversed, figure “1” will be displayed.
How to Measure Transistor hFE / Diode Measurement:
1. Set the “Range Switch” to hFEposition.
2. Determine whether the transistor is NPN or PNP type and locate the Emitter, Base and Collector Leads. Insert the leads into the proper holes of the hFE Socket on the Front Panel of the Multimeter.
3. The Multimeter will display the approximate hFE value at the condition of base current 10 µA and VCD 2.8V.
How to Measure Continuity / Audible Buzzer Continuity measurement:
1. Connect the red Test Lead to “V ? mA Jack” and the black lead to “COM” jack.
2. Set the “Range Switch” to Buzzer.
3. Connect test leads to the two points to be tested. If the resistance is lower than 100 Ohm then there will be buzzer sound which means that continuity is OK.
Test Signal Use:
1. Set the “Range Switch” to Signal Symbol.
2. A test signal appears between “V ? mA Jack” and “COM” jacks. The output voltage is approx 5V p –p with 50 k ohm impedance.
How to Measure Temperature / Temperature Measurement:
1. Connect the k-type thermoelectric couple to “V ? mA Jack” and “COM” jacks.
2. Set the “Range Switch” to “Temperature Position”.
3. The display will read the temperature value in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
How to Measure Room Temperature / Room Temperature Measurement:
Most Multimeters can easily measure room temperature from 0 to 35 degree Celsius. Just set the “Range Switch” to RT Position and the present room temperature will be displayed.
Warning:
1. To avoid electrical shock, hazard or damage, do not measure voltage exceeding 1000V or 750V above earth ground. Different Multimeters may have different measurement range. Read the instruction manual carefully before operating the Multimeter.
2. Before using the Multimeter, inspect Test Leads, Connectors and Probes for *****s, breaks or crazes in the insulation.
3. Before attempting to open the case of the Multimeter, be sure to disconnect test leads or probes from any energized electronic circuit to avoid electrical shock.
How to Take Care of your Multimeter
When you are using a Multimeter, it is your responsibility to its proper care and prevent it from any damage:
1. Replacing Fuse: Fuse of a Multimeter rarely blow or need replacement. If it happens, it is because of operator error or mistake. If required just replace the old fuse with a new one with proper polarity.
2. Battery Replacement: If the symbol of battery appears on the display, it indicates that the battery has to be replaced.
UNBLOCKED YOUR SMART / TNT SIM
When you get disconnected while browsing and using SMART sim card on your broadband internet connection, check your Network Status under your dashboard’s Tools > Diagnostics option.
If you can see the value under the PS Network , denied and unattached, it is clear that your SIM card is blocked by SMART and you cannot connect on the internet anymore. (I can see this on my Huawei modem’s dashboard. I do not know if there is also such functionality on other modems and dashboards)
Smart Buddy SIM
But there is a good news. You can easily unblock your blocked SMART sim with some few steps.
Using your dashboard’s SMS feature. You just have to send an SMS.
Type:
then send it to 333
Send ROAM OFF to 333
That’s it! ROAM OFF send to 333
After sending, you will receive an SMS from SMART.
When you received that SMS, unplug now your modem from your laptop/computer.
Wait for a minute and plug your modem back to your device.
Then check the Diagnostics if you can see attached and registered status under PS Network. If so, then congrats! You now have successfully unblocked your SMART sim card!
Here's what I am talking about.
But take note, smart is kinda smart now. You might get blocked instantly even right after some few seconds. Some reports says that they get blocked for as soon as 30secs upon getting connected. and that is so shit of smart.
While here are some tips from the experienced smart users:
Do not download large files.
Do not use the APN: internet
Some even suggesting do not unblock your sim.
Have a spare sim card and make a cycle of simcard replacements in your modem at a timely manner.
The best tip: Use GLOBE!
There is actually no clear idea or information on what to do best on SMART’s packet monitoring and blocking. It is just annoying. XD On my next post, I will post an update about how you can now use GLOBE again and be happy for this holiday season.
Keep updated!
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CreepyTricks
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