hello mga ka PH! ang topic po natin ngayon ay mas lengthy kaysa mga nakaraan. ito ay about sa basic input using cin, at mga operators.
my previous post: Tutorial - Basic Programming using C++ ----- 02 Variable Scope | PHCorner Community
operators
may mga variables na tayo. may mga numerical values na din (as well as literal) silang kinocontain. now pano ba natin sila mamanipulahin?
katulad ng basics ng math, may mga fundamental operators din tayo sa C++.
assignment operator (=)
ginagamit po ito upang mag assign ng value sa isang variable. ang general rule po nya, kung ano ang huling value na naiassign sa isang variable, yun ang magiging value nya (syempre). para ka lang nagpapalit ng sim card sa celphone mo. kung anong sim card ang sinaksak mo, yun din ang number mo.
example:
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] "stdafx.h"
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <iostream>
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int mykids = 0;
cout<<"una nagkakilala kami, soon nagwedding..."<<endl;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl;
cout<<"unang taon ng pagsasama"<<endl;
mykids = 1;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl;
cout<<"after 5 years"<<endl;
mykids = 7;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl;
cout<<"after 3 more years"<<endl;
mykids = 10;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl; //abangan ang susunod na kabanata =D
system("pause");
return 0;
}
output:
kung ano ang huling value na inilagay ko sa varialble na mykids, lahat ng previous assignments ko sa kanya ay balewala na. mag assign man ako sa x ng 5, 7, 99 at 1000, pag ang last assignment ko sa kanya ay 0, 0 pa din ang value nya sa huli.
difference in math's evaluation:
hindi po natin kailangang ievaluate ang isang statement kung tama o mali gaya sa math. instead nag aasign po tau ng bagong value sa variable.
halimbawa:
int a= 4;
int b=6;
pagdating dito:
a=b;
sasabihin mo in math's point of view:
"mali yun a, hindi sila equal".
ganto po ang procedure ng pangyayari:
a=b
4=6
6=6
babaguhin po ng value na nasa kanan ng = sign ang value na nasa kaliwa.
therefore,
cout<<a;
output: 6
arithmetic operators (+,-,*,/,%)
the four legendary arithmetic operators of math is here! in case di nyo pa sila kilala, sila ay sina +,-,*, at /
diba dapat x si times?
nope. ang x po ay ginagamiit na lang na variable sa c++ (at kahit saang programming language). ang symbol ng pagmmultiply sa c++ ay asterisk (*).
let's see them in action:
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] "stdafx.h"
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <iostream>
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int apples=5;
int mangoes=6;
int eatenApples=3;
cout<<"apples: "<<apples<<endl;
cout<<"5 apples + 6 mangoes = "<< apples + mangoes<<" in total"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"5 apples - 3 apples = "<< apples - eatenApples<<" apples left"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"multiple 5 apples to 3 = "<< apples * 3<<" apples"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"group 20 apples into 2 groups = "<<(apples * 4) /2<<" apples"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"group 5 apples into 2 groups. how many are left ungrouped?"<<endl;
cout<<"answer: "<< apples % 2 <<endl<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
modulus operator
when you use the modulus operator '%' you are dividing a dividend over a diviser, but the returned answer is not the quotient, instead yung remainder.
example
int x= 20 % 17;
the answer is 3.
compound assignment
ginagamitan ng combination ng assignment at arithmetic operator
example:
int b = 15;
b += 4
cout<< b;
output:
19
katumbas po yan nito;
b = b + 4
kung ieevaluate:
b = b + 4
15 = 15+4
15=19
19=19
same applies sa ibang operators like -=, *=, /= at %=
mayron pang ibang compound operators like >>=, <<=, ^=, &= pero hindi ko sila halos ginagamit
you can check on them sa web kung pano gamitin for further knowledge.
cin (std::cin)
ito po ang basic input na gagamitin natin sa c++.
syntax:
std::cin>>variable;
where:
yung variable ang paglalagyan ng data na ittype ng user
create a program that will add two values:
code:
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] "stdafx.h"
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <iostream>
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x;
int y;
cout<<"Enter the first number: ";
cin>>x;
cout<<"Enter the second number: ";
cin>>y;
cout<<"x: "<<x<<" + y: "<<y<<" = " <<x+y <<endl <<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
output:
next tutorial:
Tutorial - Basic Programming using C++ ----- 04 Control Structures part 1 - https://phcorner.net/t/basic-programming-using-c-04-control-structures-part-1.94638/
my previous post: Tutorial - Basic Programming using C++ ----- 02 Variable Scope | PHCorner Community
operators
may mga variables na tayo. may mga numerical values na din (as well as literal) silang kinocontain. now pano ba natin sila mamanipulahin?
katulad ng basics ng math, may mga fundamental operators din tayo sa C++.
assignment operator (=)
ginagamit po ito upang mag assign ng value sa isang variable. ang general rule po nya, kung ano ang huling value na naiassign sa isang variable, yun ang magiging value nya (syempre). para ka lang nagpapalit ng sim card sa celphone mo. kung anong sim card ang sinaksak mo, yun din ang number mo.
example:
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] "stdafx.h"
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <iostream>
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int mykids = 0;
cout<<"una nagkakilala kami, soon nagwedding..."<<endl;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl;
cout<<"unang taon ng pagsasama"<<endl;
mykids = 1;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl;
cout<<"after 5 years"<<endl;
mykids = 7;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl;
cout<<"after 3 more years"<<endl;
mykids = 10;
cout<<"my kids: "<<mykids<<endl; //abangan ang susunod na kabanata =D
system("pause");
return 0;
}
output:
kung ano ang huling value na inilagay ko sa varialble na mykids, lahat ng previous assignments ko sa kanya ay balewala na. mag assign man ako sa x ng 5, 7, 99 at 1000, pag ang last assignment ko sa kanya ay 0, 0 pa din ang value nya sa huli.
difference in math's evaluation:
hindi po natin kailangang ievaluate ang isang statement kung tama o mali gaya sa math. instead nag aasign po tau ng bagong value sa variable.
halimbawa:
int a= 4;
int b=6;
pagdating dito:
a=b;
sasabihin mo in math's point of view:
"mali yun a, hindi sila equal".
ganto po ang procedure ng pangyayari:
a=b
4=6
6=6
babaguhin po ng value na nasa kanan ng = sign ang value na nasa kaliwa.
therefore,
cout<<a;
output: 6
arithmetic operators (+,-,*,/,%)
the four legendary arithmetic operators of math is here! in case di nyo pa sila kilala, sila ay sina +,-,*, at /
diba dapat x si times?
nope. ang x po ay ginagamiit na lang na variable sa c++ (at kahit saang programming language). ang symbol ng pagmmultiply sa c++ ay asterisk (*).
let's see them in action:
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] "stdafx.h"
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <iostream>
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int apples=5;
int mangoes=6;
int eatenApples=3;
cout<<"apples: "<<apples<<endl;
cout<<"5 apples + 6 mangoes = "<< apples + mangoes<<" in total"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"5 apples - 3 apples = "<< apples - eatenApples<<" apples left"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"multiple 5 apples to 3 = "<< apples * 3<<" apples"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"group 20 apples into 2 groups = "<<(apples * 4) /2<<" apples"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"group 5 apples into 2 groups. how many are left ungrouped?"<<endl;
cout<<"answer: "<< apples % 2 <<endl<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
modulus operator
when you use the modulus operator '%' you are dividing a dividend over a diviser, but the returned answer is not the quotient, instead yung remainder.
example
int x= 20 % 17;
the answer is 3.
compound assignment
ginagamitan ng combination ng assignment at arithmetic operator
example:
int b = 15;
b += 4
cout<< b;
output:
19
katumbas po yan nito;
b = b + 4
kung ieevaluate:
b = b + 4
15 = 15+4
15=19
19=19
same applies sa ibang operators like -=, *=, /= at %=
mayron pang ibang compound operators like >>=, <<=, ^=, &= pero hindi ko sila halos ginagamit
you can check on them sa web kung pano gamitin for further knowledge.
cin (std::cin)
ito po ang basic input na gagamitin natin sa c++.
syntax:
std::cin>>variable;
where:
yung variable ang paglalagyan ng data na ittype ng user
create a program that will add two values:
code:
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] "stdafx.h"
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <iostream>
[HASHTAG]#include[/HASHTAG] <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x;
int y;
cout<<"Enter the first number: ";
cin>>x;
cout<<"Enter the second number: ";
cin>>y;
cout<<"x: "<<x<<" + y: "<<y<<" = " <<x+y <<endl <<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
output:
next tutorial:
Tutorial - Basic Programming using C++ ----- 04 Control Structures part 1 - https://phcorner.net/t/basic-programming-using-c-04-control-structures-part-1.94638/
Last edited:
